United States Sanctions ICC President Tomoko Akane and Senior Lawyer

The United States announced sanctions on the president and a senior lawyer of the International Criminal Court, escalating its campaign against the institution amid United States tensions with the court. US Secretary of State Marco Rubio announced sanctions against ICC President Tomoko Akane of Japan and senior trial lawyer Abdoulaye Seye of Senegal. [1] Rubio accused the ICC of being a corrupt and politicized court that has abused its authority and assaulted state sovereignty by targeting officials from non-member states. [1]

US Imposes Sanctions on ICC Leadership

US Secretary of State Marco Rubio has announced sanctions against the president and a senior lawyer of the International Criminal Court. [1] The US imposed sanctions on Tuesday on Tomoko Akane, a Japanese judge who is president of the ICC, and ICC senior trial lawyer Abdoulaye Seye of Senegal, according to the US Treasury Department website. [1] Rubio accused the individuals of directly engaging in efforts by the ICC to investigate, arrest, detain, or prosecute officials whose government has not consented to ICC jurisdiction. [1] He called the institution a corrupt and fatally politicized supranational court that has maliciously abused its authority and exceeded its mandate, and added that the United States will not tolerate its assault on state sovereignty. [1] This latest move comes on top of sanctions already imposed by the Trump administration on at least 11 ICC officials, including nine judges and the chief prosecutor. [1] Japanese Judge Tomoko Akane, president of the International Criminal Court, delivers a speech in Tokyo, on 14 June 2024. [1]

Context of Prior Actions Against the Court

The move is the Trump administration's latest escalation in its campaign to dismantle the court which is empowered by more than 120 member countries to investigate war crimes. [2] Rubio said the US was sanctioning ICC President Tomoko Akane of Japan and ICC Senior Trial Lawyer Abdoulaye Seye of Senegal following an order from President Donald Trump's targeting the court last year. [2] The Trump administration has already announced sanctions on at least 11 ICC officials, including nine judges and the chief prosecutor. [2] The sanctions include asset freezes, travel bans, and restrictions on services from U.S. companies. [2] Those sanctions were issued in retaliation for ICC investigations into US personnel in Afghanistan and for warrants the court issued against top Israeli officials, including Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu, for alleged war crimes in Gaza. [2] Neither the US nor Israel are members of the ICC. [2]

Rubio's Broader Campaign to Dismantle the ICC

Last month, Rubio called on the ICC's 125 member countries to withdraw from the court as part of a US government campaign to dismantle it brick by brick. [2] Amid a growing pressure campaign, a US official said Washington would watch with interest who heeded its call and who did not. [2] In a July video statement announcing the campaign to dismantle the court, Rubio accused the ICC of waging a war against our country with statutes, compacts and the force of so-called international law. [2] Today, it threatens every aspect of our political and legal system, he added. [2] If they believe they can deprive us of our sovereignty, we will teach them the full meaning of American resolve. [2]

Legal Challenges from Rights Groups and Judges

Rights organisations have pushed back against what they view as the Trump administration's attempts to undermine international law and stifle efforts to combat impunity by governments around the world. [2] The Trump administration seeks a get-out-of-jail-free card for whomever it chooses, said Liz Evenson, international justice director at Human Rights Watch, during a press conference last week. [2] Evenson's comments came as four leading US human rights groups sued the Trump administration over its campaign to dismantle the ICC, calling it unconstitutional. [2] Human Rights Watch, the Open Society Institute, the American Friends Service Committee and the Center for Constitutional Rights said in their lawsuit filed in New York that the sanctions prevented them from working with the court to seek justice for genocide, war crimes and crimes against humanity around the world. [2] In June, three ICC judges also sued the administration in a New York federal court over sanctions imposed on them last year, arguing the measures were unlawful. [2] Judges Kimberly Prost of Canada, Solomy Balungi Bossa of Uganda and Reine Alapini-Gansou of Benin said the sanctions were designed to exert extrajudicial pressure with the objective of punishing and coercing the judges. [2] At the time, a White House official said that Trump had lawfully exercised his authority under the International Emergency Economic Powers Act in imposing the sanctions. [2]

Background on the ICC and US Opposition

Trump's opposition to the court dates back to his first term in office, when he first described the ICC as a threat and told the UN General Assembly that it has no jurisdiction, no legitimacy, and no authority as far as the US is concerned. [2] The ICC, which was established in 2002, has international jurisdiction to prosecute genocide, crimes against humanity, and war crimes in member states or if a situation is referred by the UN Security Council. [2] Neither President Trump nor the White House has so far commented. [2] The ICC has been approached for comment. [2]

Impact of Sanctions and International Reactions

Sanctions severely hamper individuals' abilities to carry out even routine financial transactions as any banks with ties to the US, or that conduct transactions in dollars, are expected to have to comply with the restrictions. [2] Since Trump returned to office, his administration - spearheaded by Rubio - has taken a much more aggressive stand towards the court. [2] The United States on Tuesday imposed sanctions on Tomoko Akane, a Japanese judge who is president of the International Criminal Court, according to the U.S. Treasury Department website. [3]

What to watch next: The ICC has been approached for comment on the latest sanctions, and neither President Trump nor the White House has so far commented on the moves.